Agricultural land is one of the goods of interest to the Republic of Croatia and enjoys its particular protection. The purpose of this work is to point out the importance of high-quality and transparent management of agricultural land owned by the Republic of Croatia, and, on the basis of available data, indicate how the disposal might become more efficient. The work analyses data on the disposal of agricultural land on the territory of the Republic of Croatia in order to point out timely measures which would lead to a more rational system of management of agricultural land, as one of the goods of interest to the Republic of Croatia, in accordance with applicable regulations. The work also analyses the management of agricultural land owned by the Republic of Croatia on the territory of one of the units of regional self-government, namely that of the Koprivnica Križevci County. The work applies three principal methods of research: secondary analysis of the content of the Law on Agricultural Land, analysis of available data on the management of agricultural land owned by the Republic of Croatia obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture, and a comparative analysis of agricultural land disposal between units of local self-government according to the Programs for the disposal of state-owned agricultural land (period 2001-2011) and the Agricultural Land Agency (period 2012-2017). The results obtained by the research prove that the management of state-owned agricultural land was more efficient under the jurisdiction of local self-government units (municipalities and towns) in the ten-year period than under the Agricultural Land Agency in the five-year period. The current Law on Agricultural Land re-establishes the jurisdiction of local self-government units over the disposal of state-owned agricultural land.